![]() ![]() ![]() In an electric or hydraulic circuit, the resistance of a wire or a tube is proportional to its length, and \(\beta =1\). These empirical networks are often scale-free and characterized by a degree distribution that follows a power law \(P(k) \sim k^\), with an exponent \(\beta\). ![]() Common examples include blood vessel network and the lung airway tree 5 that deliver blood and oxygen molecules, respectively braided streams, consisting in a network of water channels, that occur in rivers and in glaciated landscapes when the discharge of water cannot transport its load or when sediment is deposited on the floor of the channel 6, 7 transportation networks for passengers 8, 9, 10 social networks, in which the social and experience flow is progressively formed between individuals over time. Transport in complex systems can describe a variety of natural and human-engineered processes including biological 1, 2, societal and technological ones 3, 4. ![]()
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